Poolesville’s Rosenwald School

In 1913, Julius Rosenwald – a successful Jewish entrepreneur and philanthropist – partnered with Booker T. Washington to fund the building of six small schools for African American children in Alabama. Rosenwald had been a strong advocate for improving race relations in America, writing in the 1911 that “the horrors that are due to race prejudice come home to the Jew more forcefully than to others of the white race, on account of the centuries of persecution which they have suffered and still suffer.”

Seeing the impact of his efforts, Julius created the Rosenwald Fund in 1917, donating more than $70 million dollars to educational and cultural facilities centered on Jewish and African-American communities across the country. As part of this effort, thousands of additional schools were built across the country in the 1920s to improve educational opportunities for Black children.

These schools, collectively referred to as Rosenwald schools, were largely transitioned to other uses in the 1950s and 1960s as desegregation of public schools took place. However, some of these important historic structures are still with us – including one here in the Ag Reserve!

The next time you go to or drive by the “Beauty Spot” on Jerusalem Road, take note of the long, single story building just inside the entrance. This structure is one of few remaining Rosenwald school buildings in the county, and the only one retaining the large windows that where a defining architectural characteristic of Rosenwald schools when originally built. This school, built in 1925, was closed in 1949. Since that time the state has added a garage on the side of the building and converted the interior to office space for the State Highway Department maintanence depot.

To learn more about historic African American schools – to include others in the Ag Reserve – this resource from Montgomery History is excellent: https://www.preservationmaryland.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Montgomery_Story_Fall2015_Final.pdf